The existence of God Based on Religious Experience Essay

1. Examine the strengths and weaknesses of the argument for the existence of God based on religious experience. (18) 2. ‘The argument merely indicates the probability of God and this is of little value to a religious believer.’ Discuss. (12) In contrast to the classical arguments for the existence of God, namely the ontological, cosmological and teleological arguments, the argument from religious experience doesn’t just entail a set logical of points arriving at a conclusion on a piece of paper, rather it also necessitates sense-based experience, tangible to the individual who experiences the divine. First and foremost, we must classify the argument from religious experience. In general, philosophical arguments usually take one†¦show more content†¦James lists four qualifiers of mystical experiences: ineffability (a state that defies description), noetic quality (revelations of universal and eternal truths), transiency (a brief but profoundly important experience) and passivity (a feeling of being taken over by a superior authority). The father of liberal theology, Schleiermacher, made â€Å"passivity† the most important qualifier. He took the concept a step further and proposed that the â€Å"essence of religion is the feeling of absolute dependence† and this approach was supported by scholars such as Rudolf Otto, who defined religious experience as â€Å"wholly other†. For Schleiermacher, in particular, and, additionally, the Islamic mystic Al-Ghazali, true religion was completely experiential and it should therefore be felt rather than thought. He believed that logic destroys religious experience because religious experience is a matter of intuitive knowledge, not processed knowledge. Intuition is belief, where as logic creates doubts. In many spiritual systems (religious or independent of religion) the human instinct is held in high regard. It was for this reason that Iqbal, the late Islamic philosopher of the modern era, disagreed with Al-Ghazali. Religious experience is a very important concept for those who believe that way to know God is to experience Him. There is a spiritual, mystical dimension to all the world religions – in fact, the Eastern religions relyShow MoreRelatedExamine some of the key principles of the argument for the existence of God based upon religious experiences765 Words   |  4 Pagesof the argument for the existence of God based upon religious experiences Religious experiences are experiences we have of the divine or God. These experiences may be Mystical experiences, conversion experiences or revelatory experiences. Paul Tillich states that religious experience is a feeling of ‘ultimate concern’, a feeling that demands a decisive decision from the one receiving it. He describes it as an encounter followed by a special understanding of its religious significance. The argumentRead MoreThe Existence of God Essay1498 Words   |  6 PagesThe Existence of God What we call religious experience can differ greatly. Some reports exist of supernatural happenings that it would be difficult to explain from a rational, scientific point of view. On the other hand, there also exist the sorts of testimonies that simply seem to convey a feeling or a peace of oneness- something which most of us, religious or not, may possibly relate to. Firstly, I will consider the nature of an experience. Experience involvesRead MoreThe Argument For The Existence Of God1674 Words   |  7 Pagesarguments I analyzed satisfactory for the existence of God. The existence of God simply cannot be proven. Regardless of how strong a person’s faith is, or how many miracles they claim to have witnessed, God can only ever be a possibility. First, I will discuss why Pascal’s wager is not a satisfying argument for the existence of God. I will then examine C.D. Broad’s â€Å"Argument for the Existence of God†, and why it is also not a satisfying argument for the existence of God. Finally, I will discuss St. ThomasRead MoreThe Argument From Religious Experience1460 Words   |  6 PagesThe Argument from Religious Experience The argument for God, based on personal Religious experiences, is an argument that cannot be refuted by others. While others may not have the ability to prove the existence of God, through another’s experiences, they also cannot disprove this existence. A person’s personal experiences are something that no other person can determine, nor argue. My experiences are my interpretations for the occurrences within my life, therefore, another person cannot determineRead MoreDoes God Exist?1366 Words   |  5 Pagesphilosophical question that arose to me when I saw this painting was if God exists. Depicted in the painting there is a higher being or God watching over Jesus and his disciples. There are many arguments and ideas for the existence of a higher being or God, some of the main ones are; Pascal’s Wager, the Ontological argument, the Cosmological argument, the Teleological argument, the Moral argument, and the argument from religious experience. 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On the other hand, if God does exist, then this is of paramount interest, and our ultimate concern ought to be how to be properly related to this being upon whom we depend moment by moment for our very existence. The official motto of the United States and the currency in America is inscribed stating â€Å"InRead MoreThe Fifth Dimension By John Hick1359 Words   |  6 Pagesstill in existence. With that being said, a major question is formed, such as: how does one go about viewing and understanding this untold number of religions and systems? In hopes of better understanding and answering this question many philosophers have spent their lives studying the overall subject of religion. John Hick, for example, studied the implications of religion as a whole. Throughout Hick’s studies, he found his main focus to be pluralism and how these religious experiences impact thoseRead MoreThe Italian Kingdom Of Sicily1363 Words   |  6 Pagesthe setting is the Italian Kingdom of Sicily. The Medieval era is drawing to a close. In addition, I am literate and study the writings of great religious thinkers that influence the world today. The late Medieval period witnessed the rise of the religious movement which was lead by Thomas Aquinas who invented the Thomistic way of thought which was based around Medieval scholasticism. He revolutionized the catholic church beginning in 1245 when he moved to Paris and studied under Albertus the GreatRead MoreRationality in Religious Belief Essay560 Words   |  3 PagesRationality in Religious Belief The obtaining of information is an inseparable part of human life, and therefore in what ever one may do; one will always collect information. To be of any value, the information collected has to be reliable, and one does not seem to doubt the reliability of evidence because they believe it to be logical, unless they are a sceptic. Some say that religion is something we cannot prove because we acknowledge religion through our feelings

Technological Advancements Of The E Commerce Industry

Technology is a huge factor in modern day life - with 45% of the world having internet access to purchase goods and services, the e-commerce industry is ever growing. Therefore new technologies have a significant impact on the external environment as they guide the new direction of a market. Technological improvements generally coincide with technological advancements in a company’s products helping to gain more consumers and maintain competitive advantage over other companies. Amazons prime addition has between 50 and 70 million subscribers with an increase of 53% last year (Mac, 2015) therefore showing the success of the technological improvement and the ability to increase consumer base by a large amount. Other technological advancements that Amazon has invested in include Amazon video and Amazon music via mobile apps and webpages enabling Amazon to keep up with growing markets. Another form of Amazon using technology is to track and trace consumer patterns – technol ogy has enabled Amazon to see there consumer loyalty rates (50% consumer loyalty in 2004) (Kimble Bourdon, 2013). Similarly as technology is becoming such a large part of everyday life, e-commerce companies are able to gain considerable benefits as their target market grows – faster broadband as well as increased availability of internet helps to promote companies such as Amazon. The business environment is effected by many factors, some of which are included in PESTLE, the global economy has a hugeShow MoreRelatedTechnological Change And Their Effects On Global Market Research1480 Words   |  6 Pages Technological Change and Their Effects on Global Market Research Pradip Adhikari Texas AM University Commerce Fall 2014 Introduction We live in an era of extreme revolutionize, due to rapid technological development. 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Even so, ask any blue collar worker in the nation about Olx.in , and you ll be surprised at how much they know

The Internet In Public Schools Essay Research free essay sample

The Internet In Public Schools Essay, Research Paper # 8220 ; The Internet: A Necessity Or Luxury In The Public School Classroom. # 8221 ; Modems, e-mail, www # 8217 ; s and.com # 8217 ; s # 8211 ; are these phrases simply a portion of a worldwide craze, or are they here to remain? And if they are, so what function should they play in the hereafter of public instruction? Many times, new things come along, and we all leap on the large boat of chance so rapidly that we forget to look at the long term virtues of what we # 8217 ; re embarkation. The Internet is a good illustration of this, and we should all take a much closer expression before we decide whether the Internet has a intent and a topographic point in the public schools of tomorrow. Education is simply preparing pupils for the hereafter. But what is the hereafter? No 1 can state with certainty. But by taking a speedy expression around us, we can think that the Internet will play a outstanding function in our hereafter. We will write a custom essay sample on The Internet In Public Schools Essay Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If we look at the stock market, for illustration, we can see internet and engineering stocks skyrocketing get downing their first twenty-four hours on the market. Or, turn on the telecasting and one will certainly hear a commercial stating everyone to look into out their company # 8217 ; s net site for more information on their merchandise. Daily, we can see the Internet going more incorporate in our lives and in the lives of our young person. Without the cyberspace in our schools, how will teachers instruct pupils to take full advantage of what the cyberspace has to offer? After set uping that the Internet is so a turning portion of our society that will non likely disappear shortly, schools and their decision makers must make up ones mind if the Internet is a necessity or a luxury. The reply is simple ; the Internet is a luxury. If it were a necessity for public schools # 8217 ; endurance, so how have they made it this far without it? Though the Internet is a luxury, that does non intend it has no topographic point in public schools. Imagine schools today without luxu ries such as the visible radiation bulb, transcript machine, or personal computing machine. Ten old ages ago, it would hold been impossible to compose a missive, to direct it, and have it received all in a affair of seconds. It is imperative that pupils are taught how to entree these new chances so that when compared with other pupils anyplace in the universe, they will non dawdle behind in Internet proficiency. Schools must get down to integrate internet instruction into their regular course of study in order for pupils to be successful in today # 8217 ; s internet-savvy universe. It is the duty of public schools to fix our pupils for the hereafter, and without the Internet in our schools, this would be impossible. By prohibiting the cyberspace to come in our schools, we would be reprobating our pupils by directing them out into the age of the cyberspace, being armed with nil. Though the virtue of the Internet itself will go on to be debated, it is evidently going an of import portion of our society and, hence, must besides go an of import portion of our schools, which are the hereafter of our society. Had the young person of yesterday non been taught how to utilize computing machines, so they could non hold created the cyberspace of today. Therefore, if pupils of today are non taught how to utilize the Internet, so we are restricting the possibility of new finds tomorrow. It is of import that we realize this: the instruction that is provided for our young person today will find our hereafter. In decision, schools and its communities must accept the inevitable and climb aboard the Internet ship of chance before it sets sail, go forthing the hereafter of our pupils, communities and state buttocks. Where will this fatal journey terminal? Will it stop in calamity such as the Titanic, or will we be sailing on the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria to stop at yet another beginning where something newer and more exciting awaits us? Lone clip can state.

Union Organizing; managing a union drive in a company

Introduction A trade union is the organization of employees with common aim of achieving working environment which favors the employees. For instance, it promotes safe and comfortable working conditions. Workers’ union is also formed to bargain for high wages for employees covered by the union.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Union Organizing; managing a union drive in a company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More When employees form a union, they can bargain for their needs collectively. On the other hand, labor unions come along with costs to an organization. In other words, union of workers can affect the profitability of a company by increasing its operational costs. Discussion Union organizing process can be threatening to the performance of a company by increasing its production costs. Blank (not dated), observed that labor unions has been successful in various cases while negotiating for high wages for employees (par 5). Consequently, this may severely affect the competitiveness of many companies. For instance, an organization does not have powers to fire unproductive employees without just reasons if its workforce is covered by a union. This forces a company to retain unproductive employees consequently increasing its production costs significantly. Considering the current situation in our company, union organizing cards are already being circulated among employees. This implies that there is likelihood for the employees voting for the union. A great number of employees are already decided to vote for a union. However, the top management team of the company is against this idea of formation of a union. Union can also reduce the market value of a company (McClain, 2010, par 5). This is caused by the losses which an organization faces due to inefficiencies associated with the unionization. These include unnecessary level of benefits which may affect the profitability of the organi zation. It is very clear that formation of a union will come with costs to the company. Therefore, there is a need to take swift and effective action in order to avoid circumstances which can lead the company to sign a contract. However, this should be done with a lot of care by taking into consideration the fact that unfair labor charges may be filed against the company. This may on the other hand increase the operational costs.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More By 1960s, most top management in many organizations had recognized unions and viewed collective bargaining as acceptable ways for determining wages and working conditions (Freeman Kleiner, 1988, p. 3). However, in 1970s and 1980s, most companies displayed their dislike towards the labor unions following their impact on their performance (Freeman Kleiner, 1988, p. 3). How to manage and supervise when a union organizi ng drive is going on; persuading employees not to vote pro-union Employees’ participation is one of the major factors which determine the success of developing a union (Anonymous, 2010, par 4). In most cases, employees may be encouraged to vote for labor union when new and unfavorable conditions are posed on them by the employers. In this particular company, employees are triggered to embrace a labor union by the current changes which have taken place in the company four months ago. First, the company has organized the employees into teams. The employees are also uncomfortable with the changes in the job titles and work assignments. In addition, the company had made some changes in the pay structure. These sudden changes are the major factors which have made employees propose for a labor union. The current situation needs a serious attention on the employees’ side. We need to come up with measures directed to entice employees to vote against the labor union. Through th e union cards, employees can vote for or against an organization. It is there upon our duty to come up with necessary measures to change employees’ standing. One of the way through which we can solve the current situation is by persuading the employees not to vote pro-union. This can be done by restructuring the process of adopting new changes in an organization. For instance, employees were triggered to act by the abrupt changes which significantly affected them. There is a need to have slow changes in order to suppress the impact of these changes on employees. According to Higgins (2010), one of the best ways of adopting changes in an organization is by considering what motivates the employees (par 3). Otherwise the company cannot succeed in implementing these changes. For instance, we may engage employees in making decisions in some of these changes. This will significantly affect the effectiveness of these changes since employees will feel recognized. This will also reduc e the chances of embracing a union. Rather than imposing all these changes at a go, we have to introduce them gradually. For instance, we may start by changes in the job titles. In this case, employees should be involved in making these decisions. After the employees get used to the initial change, then we may change the work assignments. This will significantly help in dissuading employees from voting for a union.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Union Organizing; managing a union drive in a company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Freeman Kleiner discussed that the management tactics significantly determines the employees views towards unions (1988, p 4). Companies with better benefits, higher wages, and good working conditions are less likely to find themselves in problems with unions than those firms engaged with unfair working conditions, low wages, and worse benefits for the employees (Freeman Kleiner, 19 88, p 5). The Role of Supervisors in Campaigns against Union There is a need to have effective tactics to avoid formation of a union in the organization. Freeman Kleiner (1988) observed that one of the main tactics which a company can use is having an intensive supervisor’s campaign against the union (p 5). We should encourage supervisors to spare more time and efforts convincing the employees to oppose the union. This should involve explanations on the negative effects associated with labor unions. In most cases, supervisors are in close contact with the employees. They should take this opportunity to campaign against formation of a union. Supervisors should inform the employees of the negative consequences of labor union to them and the organization in general. For instance, employees should be informed of the inflexibility associated with labor unions which reduces the chances of learning new ideas. Under unions, getting from the job category implies getting out of the un ion. Such campaigns will reduce the chances of the union to win. Campaigns against the union should focus on the factors which determine the employees’ propensity to support a union. These include special working conditions in the company and composition of the workforce. Supervisors and other levels management in the company should critically focus on these factors to change the views of the employees. For instance, there may be a certain fraction of employees who are affected by the changes which triggered the need for a union than others. More attention should be paid on this group of employees. This can be done by organizing small worker meetings with the supervisors in order to convince employees to oppose unionization of the workforce. Theory of Management Opposition to a Union Organizing Drive The reaction of an organization union drive is determined by different circumstances. First, their reaction will depend on the probability of the union winning and obtaining the contract. The reaction of the management is also determined by the degree of impact of management’s intervention on the probability of the union winning as well as the likely cost and losses of unionization (Freeman Kleiner, 1988, p 5). In our case here, the probability of the union winning the election is very high. The changes which have taken place four months ago have triggered the need of the employees to have a union through which to bargain their needs.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion In conclusion, we can see that the management has a major role in determining the outcome of the process of organizing a union. The working conditions significantly determine the employee’s attitude towards a union. There are high chances of an organization winning if there are positive industrial relations in the company. The management should therefore embrace good working environment in the workplace in order to reduce the chances of having a union. In situations where the chances of a drive winning the vote are high, it is necessary for the management to conduct intensive campaigns to convince the employees to vote against the union. This can help in changing their ideas hence escaping from the consequences associated with work union. Reference List Anonymous. (2010). Steps to Create a Union Where You Work. Web. Blank, C. Advantages and Disadvantage of Labor Unions. Web. Freeman, R. Kleiner, M. (1988). Employer Behavior In The  Face of Union Organizing Drive s. Web. Higgins, S. (2010). One Strategy for Adopting Change across Your Organization. Web. McClain, S. (2010). Negatives of Labor Unions.  Web. This essay on Union Organizing; managing a union drive in a company was written and submitted by user Giovanna R. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.